elsa-core/src/common/Elsa.Api.Common/Extensions/WebApplicationExtensions.cs

using System.Globalization;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Text.Json;
using System.Text.Json.Serialization;
using Elsa.Workflows;
using FastEndpoints;
using JetBrains.Annotations;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.RateLimiting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;

// ReSharper disable once CheckNamespace
namespace Elsa.Extensions;

/// <summary>
/// Provides extension methods to add FastEndpoints configured for use with Elsa API endpoints.
/// </summary>
[PublicAPI]
public static class WebApplicationExtensions
{
    private static readonly RequestDelegate NotFoundRequestDelegate = context =>
    {
        context.Response.StatusCode = StatusCodes.Status404NotFound;
        return Task.CompletedTask;
    };

    /// <summary>
    /// Registers the FastEndpoints middleware configured for use with Elsa API endpoints.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="app"></param>
    /// <param name="routePrefix">The route prefix to apply to Elsa API endpoints.</param>
    /// <example>E.g. "elsa/api" will expose endpoints like this: "/elsa/api/workflow-definitions"</example>
    public static IApplicationBuilder UseWorkflowsApi(this IApplicationBuilder app, string routePrefix = "elsa/api")
    {
        return app.UseFastEndpoints(config => ConfigureWorkflowsApi(config, routePrefix));
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Applies an ASP.NET Core rate limiting policy to requests targeting the Elsa API route prefix.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="app">The application builder.</param>
    /// <param name="routePrefix">The route prefix used by Elsa API endpoints.</param>
    /// <param name="policyName">The registered ASP.NET Core rate limiting policy name. Leave empty to skip rate limiting.</param>
    public static IApplicationBuilder UseWorkflowsApiRateLimiting(this IApplicationBuilder app, string routePrefix = "elsa/api", string? policyName = null)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(policyName))
            return app;

        var pathPrefix = NormalizeRoutePrefixPath(routePrefix);
        return app.UseRateLimitingPolicyForPath(pathPrefix, policyName, "Elsa API rate limiting endpoint", requireMatchedEndpoint: true);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Maps FastEndpoints endpoint routes configured for use with Elsa API endpoints.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="routes">The <see cref="IEndpointRouteBuilder"/> to register the endpoints with.</param>
    /// <param name="routePrefix">The route prefix to apply to Elsa API endpoints.</param>
    /// <example>E.g. "elsa/api" will expose endpoints like this: "/elsa/api/workflow-definitions"</example>
    public static IEndpointRouteBuilder MapWorkflowsApi(this IEndpointRouteBuilder routes, string routePrefix = "elsa/api") =>
        routes.MapFastEndpoints(config => ConfigureWorkflowsApi(config, routePrefix));

    /// <summary>
    /// Applies an ASP.NET Core rate limiting policy to requests targeting the specified path prefix.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="app">The application builder.</param>
    /// <param name="pathPrefix">The path prefix to protect.</param>
    /// <param name="policyName">The registered ASP.NET Core rate limiting policy name.</param>
    /// <param name="displayName">The endpoint display name used for rate limiting metadata.</param>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method only attaches rate limiting metadata. In endpoint-routed pipelines, call this after routing has selected an endpoint
    /// and before the host's single <c>app.UseRateLimiter()</c> middleware. ASP.NET Core validates the configured policy when the
    /// rate limiter middleware handles matching requests.
    /// </remarks>
    public static IApplicationBuilder UseRateLimitingPolicyForPath(this IApplicationBuilder app, PathString pathPrefix, string policyName, string displayName) =>
        app.UseRateLimitingPolicyForPath(pathPrefix, policyName, displayName, true);

    /// <summary>
    /// Applies an ASP.NET Core rate limiting policy to requests targeting the specified path prefix.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="app">The application builder.</param>
    /// <param name="pathPrefix">The path prefix to protect.</param>
    /// <param name="policyName">The registered ASP.NET Core rate limiting policy name.</param>
    /// <param name="displayName">The endpoint display name used for rate limiting metadata.</param>
    /// <param name="requireMatchedEndpoint">Whether to skip rate limiting when endpoint routing selected no endpoint.</param>
    public static IApplicationBuilder UseRateLimitingPolicyForPath(this IApplicationBuilder app, PathString pathPrefix, string policyName, string displayName, bool requireMatchedEndpoint)
    {
        if (!pathPrefix.HasValue || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(policyName))
            return app;

        var rateLimitingMetadata = new EnableRateLimitingAttribute(policyName);
        var fallbackEndpoint = CreateRateLimitingEndpoint(null, rateLimitingMetadata, displayName);
        var endpointCache = new ConditionalWeakTable<Endpoint, Endpoint>();

        return app.UseWhen(
            context => context.Request.Path.StartsWithSegments(pathPrefix, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase),
            branch =>
            {
                branch.Use(async (context, next) =>
                {
                    var originalEndpoint = context.GetEndpoint();
                    if (requireMatchedEndpoint && originalEndpoint == null)
                    {
                        await next(context);
                        return;
                    }

                    var rateLimitingEndpoint = originalEndpoint == null
                        ? fallbackEndpoint
                        : endpointCache.GetValue(originalEndpoint, endpoint => CreateRateLimitingEndpoint(endpoint, rateLimitingMetadata, displayName));

                    context.SetEndpoint(rateLimitingEndpoint);

                    try
                    {
                        await next(context);
                    }
                    finally
                    {
                        if (ReferenceEquals(context.GetEndpoint(), rateLimitingEndpoint))
                            context.SetEndpoint(originalEndpoint);
                    }
                });
            });
    }

    private static PathString NormalizeRoutePrefixPath(string routePrefix)
    {
        var value = routePrefix.Trim().Trim('/');

        return string.IsNullOrEmpty(value) ? PathString.Empty : new("/" + value);
    }

    private static void ConfigureWorkflowsApi(Config config, string routePrefix)
    {
        config.Endpoints.RoutePrefix = routePrefix;
        config.Serializer.RequestDeserializer = DeserializeRequestAsync;
        config.Serializer.ResponseSerializer = SerializeRequestAsync;

        config.Binding.ValueParserFor<DateTimeOffset>(s =>
            new(DateTimeOffset.TryParse(s.ToString(), CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, DateTimeStyles.RoundtripKind, out var result), result));
    }

    private static Endpoint CreateRateLimitingEndpoint(Endpoint? originalEndpoint, EnableRateLimitingAttribute rateLimitingMetadata, string displayName)
    {
        var metadata = originalEndpoint == null
            ? new EndpointMetadataCollection(rateLimitingMetadata)
            : new EndpointMetadataCollection(originalEndpoint.Metadata.Where(x => x is not EnableRateLimitingAttribute and not DisableRateLimitingAttribute).Concat([rateLimitingMetadata]));

        if (originalEndpoint is RouteEndpoint routeEndpoint)
            return new RouteEndpoint(routeEndpoint.RequestDelegate ?? NotFoundRequestDelegate, routeEndpoint.RoutePattern, routeEndpoint.Order, metadata, routeEndpoint.DisplayName ?? displayName);

        return new(originalEndpoint?.RequestDelegate ?? NotFoundRequestDelegate, metadata, originalEndpoint?.DisplayName ?? displayName);
    }

    private static ValueTask<object?> DeserializeRequestAsync(HttpRequest httpRequest, Type modelType, JsonSerializerContext? serializerContext, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        var serializer = httpRequest.HttpContext.RequestServices.GetRequiredService<IApiSerializer>();
        var options = serializer.GetOptions();

        return serializerContext == null
            ? JsonSerializer.DeserializeAsync(httpRequest.Body, modelType, options, cancellationToken)
            : JsonSerializer.DeserializeAsync(httpRequest.Body, modelType, serializerContext, cancellationToken);
    }

    private static Task SerializeRequestAsync(HttpResponse httpResponse, object? dto, string contentType, JsonSerializerContext? serializerContext, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        var serializer = httpResponse.HttpContext.RequestServices.GetRequiredService<IApiSerializer>();
        var options = serializer.GetOptions();

        httpResponse.ContentType = contentType;
        return serializerContext == null
            ? JsonSerializer.SerializeAsync(httpResponse.Body, dto, dto?.GetType() ?? typeof(object), options, cancellationToken)
            : JsonSerializer.SerializeAsync(httpResponse.Body, dto, dto?.GetType() ?? typeof(object), serializerContext, cancellationToken);
    }

}