/*
 * BotSharp.NLP Library
 * Copyright (C) 2018 Haiping Chen
 * 
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 * 
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 * 
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

using Bigtree.Algorithm;
using Bigtree.Algorithm.Bayes;
using Bigtree.Algorithm.Estimators;
using Bigtree.Algorithm.Extensions;
using Bigtree.Algorithm.Features;
using Bigtree.Algorithm.Statistics;
using BotSharp.NLP.Featuring;
using BotSharp.NLP.Txt2Vec;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace BotSharp.NLP.Classify
{
    /// <summary>
    /// This is a simple (naive) classification method based on Bayes rule. 
    /// It relies on a very simple representation of the document (called the bag of words representation)
    /// This technique works well for topic classification; 
    /// say we have a set of academic papers, and we want to classify them into different topics (computer science, biology, mathematics).
    /// Naive Bayes is best for Less training data
    /// </summary>
    public class NaiveBayesClassifier : IClassifier
    {
        private List<Probability> labelDist;

        private MultinomiaNaiveBayes nb = new MultinomiaNaiveBayes();

        private Dictionary<string, double> condProbDictionary = new Dictionary<string, double>();

        private List<string> words;
        private double[] features = new double[] { 0, 1 };

        public void Train(List<Sentence> sentences, ClassifyOptions options)
        {
            var tfidf = new TfIdfFeatureExtractor();
            tfidf.Dimension = options.Dimension;
            tfidf.Sentences = sentences;
            tfidf.CalBasedOnCategory();

            var encoder = new OneHotEncoder();
            encoder.Sentences = sentences;
            encoder.Words = tfidf.Keywords();
            words = encoder.EncodeAll();

            var featureSets = sentences.Select(x => new Tuple<string, double[]>(x.Label, x.Vector)).ToList();

            labelDist = featureSets.GroupBy(x => x.Item1)
                .Select(x => new Probability
                {
                    Value = x.Key,
                    Freq = x.Count()
                })
                .OrderBy(x => x.Value)
                .ToList();

            nb.LabelDist = labelDist;
            nb.FeatureSet = featureSets;

            // calculate prior prob
            labelDist.ForEach(l => l.Prob = nb.CalPriorProb(l.Value));

            // calculate posterior prob
            // loop features
            var featureCount = nb.FeatureSet[0].Item2.Length;

            labelDist.ForEach(label =>
            {
                for (int x = 0; x < featureCount; x++)
                {
                    for (int v = 0; v < features.Length; v++)
                    {
                        string key = $"{label.Value} f{x} {features[v]}";
                        condProbDictionary[key] = nb.CalCondProb(x, label.Value, features[v]);
                    }
                }
            });
        }

        public List<Tuple<string, double>> Classify(Sentence sentence, ClassifyOptions options)
        {
            var encoder = new OneHotEncoder();
            encoder.Words = words;
            encoder.Encode(sentence);

            var results = new List<Tuple<string, double>>();

            // calculate prop
            labelDist.ForEach(lf =>
            {
                var prob = nb.CalPosteriorProb(lf.Value, sentence.Vector, lf.Prob, condProbDictionary);
                results.Add(new Tuple<string, double>(lf.Value, prob));
            });

            /*Parallel.ForEach(labelDist, (lf) =>
            {
                nb.Y = lf.Value;
                lf.Prob = nb.PosteriorProb();
            });*/

            double total = results.Select(x => x.Item2).Sum();
            return results.Select(x => new Tuple<string, double>(x.Item1, x.Item2 / total)).ToList();
        }

        public string SaveModel(ClassifyOptions options)
        {
            // save the model
            var model = new MultinomiaNaiveBayesModel
            {
                LabelDist = labelDist,
                CondProbDictionary = condProbDictionary,
                Values = words
            };

            //save the file
            using (var bw = new BinaryWriter(new FileStream(options.ModelFilePath, FileMode.Create)))
            {
                var bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(model));
                bw.Write(bytes);
            }

            return options.ModelFilePath;
        }

        public Object LoadModel(ClassifyOptions options)
        {
            string json = String.Empty;

            //read the file
            using (var br = new BinaryReader(new FileStream(options.ModelFilePath, FileMode.Open)))
            {
                byte[] bytes = br.ReadBytes((int)br.BaseStream.Length);

                json = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes);
            }

            var model = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<MultinomiaNaiveBayesModel>(json);

            labelDist = model.LabelDist;
            condProbDictionary = model.CondProbDictionary;
            words = model.Values;

            return model;
        }
    }

    public class FeaturesWithLabel
    {
        public List<Feature> Features { get; set; }
        public string Label { get; set; }
        public FeaturesWithLabel()
        {
            this.Features = new List<Feature>();
        }
    }
}